How are proteins built? (what are the main components of proteins?)?

Question

what are the main components? other than amino acids.......

Answer 1

Amino acids

Answer 2

Proteins are made up of amino acids.
Each amino acid is a molecule that has an amino group and a carboxylic acid group. For formation of proteins, the amino group of one amino acid reacts with the carboxylic acid group of another amino acid, and forms a peptide bond.
A protein is therefore, a polymer of amino acids, that are linked to each other by peptide bonds.

Answer 3

As mentioned above, proteins are macromolecules produced by polymerization of amino acids. Amino acids are compounds that have four unique groups projecting from a central carbon atom (known as the alpha carbon): the amino group, the carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and the sidechain. The amino group of a residue (another name for an amino acid in a protein) and the carboxyl group of the adjacent one in a protein chain bond to one another covalently (making a "peptide bond" and releasing water in the process). The side chain projecting from the alpha carbon defines the identity of the individual amino acid (glycine, proline, tryptophan) are there are 20 basic ones that occur in nature.

The linear order, or the sequence, of the amino acids in the protein backbone is known as the "primary structure". When these proteins are placed in a physiological environment - usually aqueous and with the right pH and salt concentration in the water, they fold into their proper native structure.

You see, proteins are nanomachines that often do interesting things like catalyze chemical reactions, function as molecular motors, bind very strongly to substrates and so on. These behaviors, like any machine, are possible due to the protein's structure. The structure a protein folds into is somehow (we don't know how yet) encoded into its primary structure - that is, it knows how to fold in vitro based on its sequence.

Proteins in these physiological environments usually acquire another level of structure called the secondary structure. This can be in the form of an alpha helix (picture a single stranded pieces of DNA), a beta sheet (backbone forms hairpin turns kind of like a toaster heating coil), or a loop (fairly disordered, unpredictable structure. Most proteins have all of these elements but some strongly favor one or another.

Once proteins fold into their secondary structure, these pieces can come together and compactify into globular structure, falling together like a puzzle. These secondary structure elements settle in amongst each other and form a roughly ball-like structure. This occurs because many amino acids are oily in nature (hydrophobic) and, like oil, do not like to associate with water. Normal laws of the universe cause these residues to get buried into the core of the protein, while all the polar amino acids (hydrophilic) line the outside surface. This provides an entropically driven thermodynamic force for folding.

Finally, these globular, tertiary structures can come together and form quaternary structures, which happens when you have larger proteins made from a complex of smaller subunits.

Proteins can also have other factors that are considered integral to their structure and are almost inseparable from the protein in its native physiological environment. This are very often dissolved minerals, like ions (calcium is typically bound very very strongly) or small organic molecules, like biotin.

Answer 4

proteins are like chains built out of links called amino acids.there are over a 1000 protiens in one cell. a protein like collagen is made of a chain of 1800 amino acids

Answer 5

proteins are composed of units called amino acids.Amino acids condense to form compounds called peptides.If a large number of amino acids are joined by peptide bonds the resulting polymide is called a polypeptide.By convention,a peptide having molecular mass upto 10000 is called a peptide while a peptide having molecular mass more than 10000 is called a protein.

Answer 6

DNA codes for RNA which codes for proteins which in turn perform many functions in the body. Proteins are composed of amino acid units.

Answer 7

proteins are built by amino acids in cells by ribosomes, the process is called translation or protein synthesis

Answer 8

proteins bulit up of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen atoms. They are bulit up in different structures . Upon heating, it will dehydrated, -H and -OH will be released forming water.

Therefore, it is not advisable to reheat food rich in protein bec. this could contain C and N connected withe triple bonds, a cyanide group which is very cancerous.

Answer 9

amino acids!

Answer 10

vegetables