Why Cis and Trans Isomers exist?

Question

Please i Need your straight answers and add where do you get the answer...

Answer 1

Cis and trans isomers exist for molecules where there is some sort of geometric restriction placed on the atoms in the molecule. This restriction is the kind that somehow splits the molecule into two parts, and prevents the atoms or groups on one side of the molecule from twisting or rotating to the other side. Therefore, if we are comparing two atoms or groups in the molecule there are two distinct orientations for them. They may be on the same side or on the opposite sides created by the restriction. (If they are on the same side, the atoms or groups are cis to each other, and if they are on opposite sides they are trans).

A common example of a geometric restriction in molecules are double bonds. Double bonds do not rotate as freely as single bonds and effectively keep atoms on one side or the other. Another common place to encounter cis/trans isomers is in ring systems. Even if the ring is made entirely of single bonds, there are two faces of the ring and groups bonded to one face cannot rotate to the other face. Another common occurrence of this type of isomer is in octahedral or square-planar metal complexes. In this case it is the geometry of the bonding orbitals that provides the restriction.

Answer 2

it's all in how a double bond forms. single bonds have more rotation and the DB locks things into place. if something attacks from one side than the other you get trans, if from same you get cis. sometimes there's a driving force for one over the other sometimes there's not

Answer 3

The source has pictures to show the difference. Same ratio of elements making up the molecules - and different bond angles available. Why wouldn't you expect them to exist when you run through the mathematical permutations?

Answer 4

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Answer 5

A simple answer is that :
-the compound has restricted C=C bond rotation
-the two groups on each of the carbon atom are different.