How does evolution occur? Help!?

Question

Question: How does evolution occur?

Choose the best answer:

a. Through changes in gene frequencies
b. through mutated RNA
c. Through protein mutations
d. Through the mutations that happen during natural selection.

I'm guessing a or d.

Thanks!

Answer 1

yup, d, since genetic mutations that occur in one organism are passed on to its offspring until its descendants mutate again, where a minor change is added.

Answer 2

When Does Evolution Occur

Answer 3

According to Lamark, none of the above. Lamark theorized that animals change by passing on acquired characteristics. For example, if a giraffe had to stretch its neck, its neck would become longer. This trait would then be passed down to its descendants. Then Darwin came along and agreed somewhat with your D and A (genes mutate, and then are selected, by nature, to survive while others die, hence changing the frequency of particular genes in a population). These are the two great evolutionary theories: Lamark's Theory of Acquired Characteristics, and Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection.

Answer 4

DNA copying isn't appropriate, so progeny do not have the exact same genome as their mom and father. the genes can impression the outward type of the organism so there'll be version in a inhabitants (operating example some will be taller than others or have more effective constructive eyesight, etc). some adjustments will be more effective constructive at survival and reproduction than others contained in the ecosystem the organism well-knownshows itself in, so over many generations they're going to improve contained in the inhabitants, till the inhabitants as an entire includes persons that are completely in assessment to those at before cases. so there should be many motives for replace. perchance the ecosystem is replacing, or the organisms are migrating from one ecosystem to a unique (it is effectively a similar element, from a gene's aspect of view). replace would not should be adaptive, both. re: global warming, the fossil record shows that maximum species that ever existed are literally extinct, and left no descendant species. maximum of those extinctions are probable simply by speedy transformations that couldn't be tailored to - meteor strikes being the obtrusive party. global warming may also be such an adventure (notwithstanding probable not on the dimensions of previous catastrophes, the version is that we may be able to do something about it).

Answer 5

What is evolution?
Biological evolution refers to the cumulative changes that occur in a population over time. These changes are produced at the genetic level as organisms' genes mutate and/or recombine in different ways during reproduction and are passed on to future generations. Sometimes, individuals inherit new characteristics that give them a survival and reproductive advantage in their local environments; these characteristics tend to increase in frequency in the population, while those that are disadvantageous decrease in frequency. This process of differential survival and reproduction is known as natural selection. Non-genetic changes that occur during an organism's life span, such as increases in muscle mass due to exercise and diet, cannot be passed on to the next generation and are not examples of evolution.

In science, a theory is a rigorously tested statement of general principles that explains observable and recorded aspects of the world. A scientific theory therefore describes a higher level of understanding that ties "facts" together. A scientific theory stands until proven wrong -- it is never proven correct. The Darwinian theory of evolution has withstood the test of time and thousands of scientific experiments; nothing has disproved it since Darwin first proposed it more than 150 years ago. Indeed, many scientific advances, in a range of scientific disciplines including physics, geology, chemistry, and molecular biology, have supported, refined, and expanded evolutionary theory far beyond anything Darwin could have imagined

How Does Evolution Occur?
Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection has been divided into five parts to explain clearly how evolution happens in nature.

1. Organisms produce more offspring than actually survive.
Organisms can die from many causes: disease, starvation, and being eaten, among other things. The environment can't support every organism that is born. Many die before they are able to reproduce. One hundred (100) beetles can produce 6.1 x 1028 (61 with 27 zeros after it) offspring in only 82 weeks (less than two years). Each beetle weighs 10 mg, and if they all survive, their total weight after 82 weeks would be 6.1 x 1021 (61 with 20 zeros after it) metric tons, equal to the weight of the entire earth. Obviously, their environment can't support all of these beetles, and many of them die.

2. Every organism must struggle to survive.
One reason that not all organisms survive is that there are not enough resources, things that they need, to go around. Organisms must struggle to get what they need to survive, competing against other organisms that want the same things they do. They also have to struggle to get away from predators and to overcome disease. For example, a fox struggling to catch a rabbit, which struggles to escape. As explained in part one, not all of them make it.

3. There is variation within a species.
Not all of the individuals in a species are exactly the same. There are variations, differences, among members of a species. If you look at the spots on several different ladybugs, or the stripes on zebras, you will notice that they don't all have the same number or arrangement of spots or of stripes. In addition to these easily visible variations, there are differences in skill and behavior, such as differences in how fast the zebras can run. If organisms were all the same, none would be better suited than any other, and selection could not occur.

4. Some variations allow members of a species to survive and reproduce better than others.
If an organism has a trait that helps it survive or reproduce, it is more likely to survive and be able to reproduce. A faster cheetah is more likely to catch a gazelle and survive, and a faster gazelle is more likely to escape the cheetah and survive. A showier flower is more likely to be noticed by a bee, which enables it to reproduce. A thornier cactus is more likely than other cactuses to be left alone by animals, rather than be eaten and die.

5. Organisms that survive and reproduce pass their traits to their offspring, and the helpful traits gradually appear in more and more of the population. Most of an organism's traits are passed on to its offspring. If more of the organisms with the helpful trait survive, then in the following generations, more and more of the population have that trait. If there are some faster cheetahs and some slower cheetahs, the faster cheetahs will be better able to catch food and survive. With more of the slower ones dying before they can reproduce, and more of the faster ones surviving and reproducing, over generations the population on the whole will gradually become made up of faster cheetahs.

Answer 6

It happens in a very gradual way. If a small change gives the
organism an advantage of some sort it would probably be carried over to the next generation.

Answer 7

D is why evolution sticks, but B and C (same thing basically) are what make the change occur during cell replication.

Answer 8

And Lamarck's theory was discredited by the evidence.

Answer 9

d