three specific funtions of the nephron?

Answer 1

Function of the Nephrons: Let's follow the process of urine formation in a nephron.

The nephron's cup shaped Bowmans Capsule surrounds a knot of blood capillaries called the glomerulus. Much of the bloods fluid filters into the glomerulus due to pressure from the circulatory system. Left behind are large proteins and whole cells, which are too large to fit through. This filtrate is then passed through the nephron tubule, which has 4 main parts ( proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct).
In the proximal convoluted tubule, a considerable amount of resorbtion occurs. Small proteins, glucose, and ions are returned to the blood by active transport. Negatively charged ions follow passively, followed by the osmosis of water. About 75% of the filtrate is returned in this section of the nephron.
The loop of Henle, lie in the medulla of the kidney, the other parts of the nephron lie outside of the medulla in the cortex. Salt is actively transported out of the filtrate, and since this area impermeable to water, water cannot follow the ions out here.
The distal convoluted tubule, urine is then passed through here to the collecting duct where it is concentrated due to its permeability to water. It leaves the collecting duct into the pelvis of the kidney, which leads to the ureter and the bladder where it is stored.

Answer 2

1. Maintenance of internal fluid volumes

2. Maintenance of appropriate plasma concentrations of dissolved ions

* Crucial for excitable membrane (muscle and nerve) function and osmotic balance

3. Internal pH balance

4. Metabolic conversion of a variety of substrates

5. Hormone production

6. Waste product excretion