both do have their own genetic material, right? when do they replicate and divide? do their genetic material mix with the cell chromosomes during prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase? how are these processes done?
2006-07-11 07:23:47 · 7 answers · asked by abstemious_entity 4 in Science & Mathematics ➔ Biology
Mitochondria and plastids have their own genetic material, a circular chromosome, that codes for some proteins, tRNA and rRNA, all used exclusively in the organelle. Organellar DNA replicate inside the organelle (never mixes with the nucleus), but a set of nuclear encoded proteins are necessary for its replication, transcription and translation, and also for the regulation of this processes. It is correct that during mitosis and meiosis organellar DNA also replicates, but it also happens when the enzymes they encode are necessary in great amount, due to the metabolic necessities of the cell (for example, when the muscle cells need more energy, they need more ATP production, so they express more enzymes of the respiratory chain, witch can be achieve by the induction of transcription or by the production of more DNA (replication), or by the proliferation of mitochondria (fission)). The number of DNA molecules per mitochondria, and the number of mitochondria per cell depends on the tissue and is variable in time, because during mitosis, the migration of mitochondria to the new cells is NOT necessarily equal (mitotic segregation). More, during fission of the mitochondria, the DNA copies are NOT distributed equally to the two new mitochondria (mitochondrial segregation).
During meiosis, the above is also true. Keep in mind that all mitochondria are maternally inherited.
2006-07-11 16:52:46 · answer #1 · answered by Aurora Rodrigues 2 · 1⤊ 0⤋
Mitochondria Mitosis
2016-12-16 11:22:36 · answer #2 · answered by ? 4 · 0⤊ 0⤋
I'm trying to remember this from bio last year. I think during metaphase, the chromosomes replicate, but they are attatched. Then, during anaphase, the chromosomes split apart, and during telophase, the entire cell splits. That's mitosis. In meiosis it's a little more complicated. The cells split so that only half the DNA is in each new cell. Mitosis ends up with two cells and meiosis ends up with four.
2006-07-11 07:30:58 · answer #3 · answered by Circle in the Square 2 · 0⤊ 1⤋
some of the mitochondria go into each new cell and then replicate. There is not just one per cell, there are many. The DNA does not mix with chromosomal DNA, it replicates on it's own. Each mitochondria has many copies of it's DNA, I think around 60. That is why it is used in forensics.
2006-07-11 09:16:07 · answer #4 · answered by bunja2 3 · 0⤊ 0⤋
They are done from a term mitosis and the dna splits and mitosis divide into two and meiosis divides into four. The anaphase is the term that starts the dividing. Anyway I think that is right.
2006-07-11 07:58:27 · answer #5 · answered by Carol H 5 · 0⤊ 0⤋
no,their genetic material does not mix with that of cell.these are autonomus organelles and replicate by simple binary fission.at the time of cell division they only get seperated in equal number.
2006-07-11 07:58:01 · answer #6 · answered by Anonymous · 0⤊ 0⤋
Smart (above) has the answer spot on
2006-07-11 08:01:54 · answer #7 · answered by well_clever_i_am 3 · 0⤊ 0⤋