Check this out:
http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/NumRel/RelUniverse2.html#BigDeal
In fact, the whole Spacetime Wrinkles site is amazing!
If hidden_soul's answer confused you, and it did me, and I've been trying to teach myself this stuff for a lot of years, try searching on:
"accretion jet"
Because she forgot to cite her sources, and I'm sure she didn't mean to plagiarize, here's where you can read the above in the original:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic_jet and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_hole
By the way, you posted this in Social Science. You'd get good answers in Science and Mathematics>Physics.
2006-07-11 14:56:54
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answer #1
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answered by LazlaHollyfeld 6
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Do u mean? Relativistic jets are extremely powerful jets of plasma which emerge from the centers of some active galaxies, notably radio galaxies and quasars. A jet is created from subatomic particles and magnetic fields in the accretion disk of the supermassive black hole in the nucleus of an active galaxy. It is believed that the twisting of magnetic fields in the accretion disk collimates the outflow along the rotation axis of the black hole, so when conditions are suitable, a jet will emerge from each face of the accretion disk. If the jet is oriented along the line of sight to earth, relativistic beaming will change its apparent brightness.
Similar jets, though on a much smaller scale, can develop around the accretion disks of neutron stars and stellar black holes. These systems are called microquasars. A famous example is SS433, whose well-observed jet has a velocity of 0.23c, although other microquasars appear to have much higher (but less well measured) jet velocities. Even weaker and less-relativistic jets may be associated with many binary systems; the acceleration mechanism for these jets may be similar to the magnetic reconnection processes observed in the Earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind.
Elliptical Galaxy M87 emitting a relativistic jetAlthough a disk's magnetic field and rotation are believed responsible for the formation of the axial radiation jet, the observed jets are more tightly collimated than predicted by current theory.
It is believed that the formation of relativistic jets is the key to explaining the production of gamma-ray bursts. These jets have Lorentz factors of ~ 100, making them the fastest celestial objects currently known.
Bridge of matter between a star and the Crab pulsar. Beyond the pulsar this bridge is extended by a jet.Some jets are associated to binary systems. A good example is the pulsar in the Crab Nebula (M1) In that case the fundamental mechanism of forming and accelerating of these jets is to be linked to what is supposed to be with the solar wind and the Earth magnetosphere.
or
In astrophysics, a white hole is a postulated celestial body that is the time reversal of a black hole. While a black hole acts as a point mass that attracts and absorbs any nearby matter, a white hole acts as a point mass that repels or even (perhaps) ejects matter.
White holes appear as part of the vacuum solution to the Einstein field equations describing a Schwarzschild wormhole. One end of this type of wormhole is a black hole, drawing in matter, and the other is a white hole, emitting matter. While this gives the impression that black holes in this universe may connect to white holes elsewhere, this turns out not to be the case for two reasons. First, Schwarzschild wormholes are unstable, disconnecting as soon as they form. Second, Schwarzschild wormholes are only a solution to the Einstein field equations in vacuum (when no matter interacts with the hole). Real black holes are formed by the collapse of stars. When the infalling stellar matter is added to a diagram of a black hole's history, it removes the part of the diagram corresponding to the white hole [1].
The existence of white holes that are not part of a wormhole is doubtful, as they appear to violate the second law of thermodynamics.
Quasars and active galactic nuclei are observed to spew out jets of matter. This is now believed to be the result of polar jets formed when matter falls into supermassive black holes at the centers of these objects. Prior to this model, white holes emitting matter were one possible explanation proposed.
2006-07-11 06:09:40
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answer #2
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answered by Miss LaStrange 5
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