Oh, how dismal it was! They did not have a "decimal" or fraction system, but instead used words. Go here for more information:
http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.roman.html#calc
2006-06-29 06:01:37
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answer #1
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answered by bloggerdude2005 5
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What, the Roman numeral system isn't dismal enough as it is? ;-)
Basically, take the Roman numeral in question. Start from the *right.* Add the decimal value of each symbol, right-to-left, UNLESS the symbol you're about to add is smaller in value than the previous one, in which case, subtract it instead.
For instance: XLVI
I = +1 = 1
V = +5 = 6
L = +50 = 56
X = -10 (because X is less than L) = 46
Symbols: I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500, M = 1000.
For more information, see the link below. Hope that helps!
2006-06-29 13:03:04
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answer #2
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answered by Jay H 5
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The easiest way to note down a number is to make that many marks - little I's. Thus I means 1, II means 2, III means 3. However, four strokes seemed like too many, so the Romans moved on to the symbol for 5 - V.
Placing I in front of the V — or placing any smaller number in front of any larger number — indicates subtraction. So IV means 4. After V comes a series of additions - VI means 6, VII means 7, VIII means 8. X means 10. For 9, IX means to subtract I from X, leaving 9. Numbers in the teens, twenties and thirties follow the same form as the first set, only with X's indicating the number of tens. So XXXI is 31, and XXIV is 24.
L means 50. Based on what you've learned, I bet you can figure out what 40 is. If you guessed XL, you're right = 10 subtracted from 50. And thus 60, 70, and 80 are LX, LXX and LXXX.
C stands for centum, the Latin word for 100. A centurion led 100 men. We still use this in words like "century" and "cent." The subtraction rule means 90 is written as XC. Like the X's and L's, the C's are tacked on to the beginning of numbers to indicate how many hundreds there are: CCCLXIX is 369.
D stands for 500. As you can probably guess by this time, CD means 400. So CDXLVIII is 448. (See why we switched systems?)
M is 1,000. You see a lot of Ms because Roman numerals are used a lot to indicate dates. For instance, this page was written in the year of Nova Roma's founding, 1998 CE (Common Era; Christians use AD for Anno Domini, "year of our Lord"). That year is written as MCMXCVIII.
Larger numbers were indicated by putting a horizontal line over them, which meant to multiply the number by 1,000. A V that has a line over the top means 5,000. This usage is no longer current, because the largest numbers usually expressed in the Roman system are dates, as discussed above.
2006-06-29 13:03:29
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answer #3
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answered by provence 2
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