Plants which reproduce without seeds appeared first in the history of the Earth. Plants with seeds appeared much later.
2006-06-26 09:59:07
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answer #1
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answered by bioguy 4
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Early Vascular Plants:
For plants to develop and grow above a certain height, specialized tissues had to be developed to absorb water and nutrients from the soil and transport this material from the ground to the upper areas of the plant. Aquatic plants used the water, it lived in, to support its structure. Reproductive material was transported by the water to its destination. Pollen eliminated the need for the water to transport the gametes, while the development of the seed allowed the vascular plants to conquer the land. The diploid sporophyte increased in dominance relegating the gametophyte to a microscopic structure within the sporophyte.
Earliest Vascular Plants: The oldest fossilized vascular plant Cooksonia was discovered in both Europe and North American Silurian rock. True roots and leaves were absent; with the largest species being 50 cm. tall.
Ferns. These are the most well represented of the seedless plants. Most ferns have fronds, compound leaves divided into several leaflets. As the frond develops it uncoils from a structure called a fiddle head. Ferns are homosporus with the leafy plant the sporophyte. The sporangia are located on the under surface of the fronds in areas called sori. The gametophyte is a free-living, small, fragile structure. Water is necessary for fertilization since the sperm must swim to the archogonium, where fertilization takes place.
Gymnosperms: As the climate began to dry out the large Fern forests began to be replaced by a new type of plant the gymnosperm. This plant had vascular tissue and a new type of reproductive structure called the seed. These plants contained these seeds in structures called cones. The leaves of most of the gymnosperms are needle -like structures. These needles contained a thick cuticle and reduced stomata. The conifers are heterosporus (male and female gametes develop from different types of spores on different structures).
Flowering Plants: are the most widespread and diverse. The division Anthophyta is divided into two classes, Monocotyledonae and Dicotyledonae. The development of the flower allow this group of plants take over most biomes on earth. The life cycle of the Anthophyta is similar to that of the gymnosperms. The gametophyte stage is small and microscopic. The male gametophyte is the mature pollen grain while the female gametophyte is the embryo sac, located in the ovule.
2006-06-26 16:29:32
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answer #2
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answered by ATP-Man 7
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I reckon, like the chicken and egg question, it had to be the tree (or the chicken). This organism evolved and then began reproducing in a way that involved seeds (or eggs).
2006-06-26 17:51:54
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answer #3
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answered by Eclipse24 1
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I believe that would be a tree, which evolved over the years from the microorganism......sort of like the endosymbiont theory of chloroplasts.....the tree then gave seeds....meiosis, fertilization etc.....
2006-06-26 16:25:24
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answer #4
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answered by *TurKisH sUnLighT* 2
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The tree.
2006-06-26 16:29:15
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answer #5
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answered by bookfreak2day 6
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the seed, it can be made through genetical bioengineering strange what techonlogy can do and what the world dosent know what it can do
2006-06-26 16:23:39
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answer #6
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answered by nycnazifa 2
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THE SEED.
2006-06-26 16:27:02
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answer #7
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answered by clrv315 1
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