The GPS system uses a satellite constellation of at least 24 active satellites in intermediate circular orbits. The constellation includes three spare satellites in orbit, in case of any failure. Each satellite circles the Earth exactly twice each day at an altitude of 20,200 kilometers (12,600 miles). The orbits are aligned so at least four satellites are always within line of sight from almost any place on Earth. [9] There are four active satellites in each of six orbital planes. Each orbit is inclined 55 degrees from the equatorial plane, and the right ascension of the ascending nodes are separated by sixty degrees. [10]
The flight paths of the satellites are measured by five monitor stations around the world (Hawaii, Kwajalein, Ascension Island, Diego Garcia, Colorado Springs). The master control station, at Schriever AFB, processes their combined observations and sends updates to the satellites through the stations at Ascension Island, Diego Garcia, and Kwajalein. The updates synchronize the atomic clocks on board each satellite to within one microsecond, and also adjust the ephemeris of the satellites' internal orbital model to match the observations of the satellites from the ground. [11]
2006-06-24 23:25:37
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answer #1
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answered by zest for life 2
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