does the temperature of winter, have an effect on how hot the summer will be, and viseversa?

Answer 1

If you perform a spectral analysis on the data you will see interesting details involving peaks and valleys pertaining to very low frequencies (these are periodicities in multiple years - even hundreds of years given enough data). So yes, the temperature at one point in time is related to the temperature at another, otherwise we will have a flat or horizontal spectra with no peaks and valleys.

This does not tel us about causality however...

Answer 2

none2perdy: But are the periocities statistically significant? Most likely are for the short frequencies but probably not enough relaible data for the longer ones. The only frequencies relevant for this particular question are about 3-9 months.

My experience suggests that if a winter is cold, summer tends to be cool and vice versa - but only slightly more often than chance. I.e., warm and cold patterns can last a good portion of a year or even more than one - which is in some cases related to ocean temperatures. I recall some El Niño years for which winter was warm and summer was hot & dry. I recall some cold winters for which summer was cool & wet. Not enough of either to say anything for certain though.

Answer 3

it's much easier to look outside to know the temperature!!!

Answer 4

they can't be unrelated, but it is so complicated that I don't think a simple correlation can be made.