Zeus, the youngest son of Cronus and Rhea, he was the supreme ruler of Mount Olympus and of the Pantheon of gods who resided there. Being the supreme ruler he upheld law, justice and morals, and this made him the spiritual leader of both gods and men. Zeus was a celestial god, and originally worshiped as a weather god by the Greek tribes. These people came southward from the Balkans circa 2100 BCE. He has always been associated as being a weather god, as his main attribute is the thunderbolt, he controlled thunder, lightning and rain. Theocritus wrote circa 265 BCE: "sometimes Zeus is clear, sometimes he rains". He is also known to have caused thunderstorms. In Homer's epic poem the Iliad he sent thunderstorms against his enemies. The name Zeus is related to the Greek word dios, meaning "bright". His other attributes as well as lightning were the scepter, the eagle and his aegis (this was the goat-skin of Amaltheia).
Before the abolition of monarchies, Zeus was protector of the king and his family. Once the age of Greek kings faded into democracy he became chief judge and peacemaker, but most importantly civic god. He brought peace in place of violence and Hesiod (circa 700 BCE) describes Zeus as "the lord of justice". Zeus was also known as "Kosmetas" (orderer), "Soter" (savior), "Polieos" (overseer of the polis, city) and "Eleutherios" (guarantor of political freedoms). His duties in this role were to maintain the laws, protect suppliants, to summon festivals and to give prophecies (his oldest and most famous oracle was at Dodona, in Epirus, northwestern Greece). As the supreme deity Zeus oversaw the conduct of civilized life. But the "father of gods and men" as Homer calls him, has many mythological tales.
His most famous was told by Hesiod in his Theogony, of how Zeus usurped the kingdom of the immortals from his father. This mythological tale of Zeus' struggle against the Titans (Titanomachy) had been caused by Cronus, after he had been warned that one of his children would depose him. Cronus knowing the consequences, as he had overthrown his father Uranus. To prevent this from happening Cronus swallowed his newborn children Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades and Poseidon, but his wife Rhea (who was also his sister) and Gaia her mother, wrapped a stone in swaddling clothes in place of the infant Zeus. Cronus thinking it was the newborn baby swallowed the stone. Meanwhile Rhea had her baby taken to Crete, and there, in a cave on Mount Dicte, the divine goat Amaltheia suckled and raised the infant Zeus.
When Zeus had grown into a young man he returned to his fathers domain, and with the help of Gaia, compelled Cronus to regurgitate the five children he had previously swallowed (in some versions Zeus received help from Metis who gave Cronus an emetic potion, which made him vomit up Zeus' brothers and sisters). However, Zeus led the revolt against his father and the dynasty of the Titans, defeated and then banished them. Once Zeus had control, he and his brothers divided the universe between them: Zeus gaining the heavens, Poseidon the sea and Hades the underworld. Zeus had to defend his heavenly kingdom. The three separate assaults were from the offspring of Gaia: they were the Gigantes, Typhon (Zeus fought them with his thunder-bolt and aegis) and the twin brothers who were called the Aloadae. The latter tried to gain access to the heavens by stacking Mount Ossa on top of Mount Olympus, and Mount Pelion on top of Mount Ossa, but the twins still failed in their attempt to overthrow Zeus. As he did with the Titans, Zeus banished them all to "Tartarus", which is the lowest region on earth, lower than the underworld.
According to legend, Metis, the goddess of prudence, was the first love of Zeus. At first she tried in vain to escape his advances, but in the end succumbed to his endeavor, and from their union Athena was conceived. Gaia warned Zeus that Metis would bear a daughter, whose son would overthrow him. On hearing this Zeus swallowed Metis, the reason for this was to continue to carry the child through to the birth himself. Hera (his wife and sister) was outraged and very jealous of her husband's affair, also of his ability to give birth without female participation. To spite Zeus she gave birth to Hephaestus parthenogenetically (without being fertilized) and it was Hephaestus who, when the time came, split open the head of Zeus, from which Athena emerged fully armed.
Zeus had many offspring; his wife Hera bore him Ares, Hephaestus, Hebe and Eileithyia, but Zeus had numerous liaisons with both goddesses and mortals. He either raped them, or used devious means to seduce the unsuspecting maidens. His union with Leto (meaning the hidden one) brought forth the twins Apollo and Artemis. Once again Hera showed her jealousy by forcing Leto to roam the earth in search of a place to give birth, as Hera had stopped her from gaining shelter on terra-firma or at sea. The only place she could go was to the isle of Delos in the middle of the Aegean, the reason being that Delos was, as legend states, a floating island.
Besides deities, he also fathered many mortals. In some of his human liaisons Zeus used devious disguises. When he seduced the Spartan queen Leda, he transformed himself into a beautiful swan, and from the egg which Leda produced, two sets of twins were born: Castor and Polydeuces and Clytemnestra and Helen of Troy. He visited princess Danae as a shower of gold, and from this union the hero Perseus was born. He abducted the Phoenician princess Europa, disguised as a bull, then carried her on his back to the island of Crete where she bore three sons: Minos, Rhadamanthys and Sarpedon. Zeus also took as a lover the Trojan prince Ganymede. He was abducted by an eagle sent by Zeus (some legends believe it was Zeus disguised as an eagle). The prince was taken to Mount Olympus, where he became Zeus' cup-bearer. Zeus also used his charm and unprecedented power to seduce those he wanted, so when Zeus promised Semele that he would reveal himself in all his splendor, in order to seduce her, the union produced Dionysus, but she was destroyed when Zeus appeared as thunder and lightening. Themis, the goddess of justice bore the three Horae, goddesses of the seasons to Zeus, and also the three Moirae, known as these Fates. When Zeus had an affair with Mnemosyne, he coupled with her for nine consecutive nights, which produced nine daughters, who became known as the Muses. They entertained their father and the other gods as a celestial choir on Mount Olympus. They became deities of intellectual pursuits. Also the three Charites or Graces were born from Zeus and Eurynome. From all his children Zeus gave man all he needed to live life in an ordered and moral way.
Zeus had many Temples and festivals in his honor, the most famous of his sanctuaries being Olympia, the magnificent "Temple of Zeus", which held the gold and ivory statue of the enthroned Zeus, sculpted by Phidias and hailed as one of the "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World". Also the Olympic Games were held in his honor. The Nemean Games, which were held every two years, were to honor Zeus. There were numerous festivals throughout Greece: in Athens they celebrated the marriage of Zeus and Hera with the Theogamia (or Gamelia). The celebrations were many: in all, Zeus had more than 150 epithets, each one being celebrated in his honor.
In art, Zeus was usually portrayed as bearded, middle aged but with a youthful figure. He would look very regal and imposing. Artists always tried to reproduce the power of Zeus in their work, usually by giving him a pose as he is about to throw his bolt of lightening. There are many statues of Zeus, but without doubt the Artemisium Zeus is the most magnificent. It was previously thought to be Poseidon, and can be seen in the Athens National Archaeological Museum.
2006-06-12 01:57:36
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answer #1
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answered by Jax 3
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Zeus was a conquerer God. When a new God conquers an area (or his people do), the God has to either marry or become the father, brother or *something* of the existing Gods in order to give him validity.
One God not related to Zeus is Aphrodite (Born from the sea foam when Cronos (Zeus's father) threw his father Uranus's penis into the ocean. This by the way was also when the Furies came to be, but they were born on land, so they won't be related to Zeus either. Love and vengeance in one sickle slash.), although some stories make Zeus her father by Dione, which, by the way, simply means Goddess and doesn't point to anyone specific, and of course Aphrodite's offspring except for those born to Zeus's sons, which, admittedly were most of them.
The first thing was Chaos, and from Chaos came Gaia (Zeus's grandmother), Tartarus, Nyx, Eros and Erebus. Chaos could then be seen as Zeus's Great Grandfather, or not, because there wasn't actual birthing involved, just sort of order emerging from disorder. If you do see Chaos as the literal Parent, then of course, everyone was related to Zeus to begin with, except those named above who sort of spontaneously sprang into existance like Aphrodite (I'm sure there were more than just her.)
If not, then the descendants of Nyx and Erebus (Ether, Eris, Geras, Hemera) are also not related to Zeus. Nyx's other children (by no father in particular) include Hypnos, Styx, Thanatos, Nemesis, Apate, Ker, Momos, Moros, Oizys, Oniros, Philotes (though many of these are attributed to other parents as well). Nyx, by the way, could stop Zeus in his tracks. He didn't like displeasing her!
2006-06-15 05:58:35
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answer #2
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answered by kaplah 5
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Yes most of the greek gods are related to zeus, some are his brothers and sisters.
2006-06-22 05:39:03
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answer #3
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answered by Anonymous
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Zeus's father Cronos, leader of the Titans, overthrew his father Uranos and ruled until his son overthrew him. Kronos had been told that his son would overthrow him so as his wife, Rhea, had her children, Demeter, Hera, Hestia, Hades and Posidon, Cronos ate them. Rhea hid the sixth child, Zeus and gave Cronos a rock wraped in a blanket to eat.
Zeus freed the Titans from Tarturus and freed his brothers and three sisters from Cronos's stomach and then put Cronos and the other Titans back in Tarturus (the underworld).
Zeus and his brothers divided up the world so that Zeus got the sky, Poseidon got the earth and sea and Hades got the underworld. Zeus set up shop on Mount Olympus with himself as God of sky and thunder and the king of the gods.
He married his sister Hera, and they had children: Ares, god of war and Hephestus (Vulcan in Roman) god of the forge and by various other women he had the childred Aphrodite, goddess of love, Dyonisus, Persophene and a whold bunch more.
He also had relationships with nymphs and mortal women giving birth to some demi god heroes like Hercules and Perseus.
The whole family tree of the Olympians is complicated and sometimes changes depending on the version of the story you read.
The best, easy to read, book on mythology for my money is Edith Hamilton's "Mythology" but you can get this information on the web too.
2006-06-19 00:57:38
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answer #4
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answered by bulldog5667 3
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Most are his children, or offspring of his children. Although some were his direct ancestors. However, Aphrodite and the Kindly Ones were not directly related to Zeus and are actually older than all the Olympian gods.
2006-06-12 01:19:23
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answer #5
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answered by sooziebeaker 3
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Most of the Olympian Gods are related to Zeus, but that is by no means all.
2006-06-11 15:29:09
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answer #6
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answered by Anonymous
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No actually the god Duliknerkex is related to the lesser shrelnip who was lost in nethergel for eons before Zeus was conceived. This is the precurser to makitallupmyself.
2006-06-23 16:03:39
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answer #7
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answered by Ouros 5
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No, It can seem like that because many of them where their brothers, sons and daughters. But the are many old greek gods that aren´t related to Zeus as Erebo, Ponto, etc.
2006-06-11 14:30:28
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answer #8
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answered by elilmare 2
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If you trace Zeus's family tree backwards it all started with Gaia, so in a way they were all related. Unless they were born of Chaos, but he didn't have that many children.
2006-06-14 02:30:07
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answer #9
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answered by trance_gemni 3
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They are in one form or another. Either by birth from Hera or his lecherous affairs with mortal women like Hercules' mother. Yes Hercules became a god and not just a hero. After his death Zues gave him the choice.
2006-06-24 08:06:20
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answer #10
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answered by ldyrhiannon 4
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Zeus was the man.
2006-06-16 12:11:37
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answer #11
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answered by Anonymous
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