In Government History, Who saId?

Question

ONE NATION
UNDER GOD
INDIVISIBLE

Answer 1

This pledge was first used at the dedication of the World’s Fair Grounds in Chicago, Illinois, on October 21, 1892, the four hundredth anniversary of the discovery of America and the first celebration of Columbus Day, which had been proclaimed by the president and made a national holiday by Congress. It was published in The Youth’s Companion, September 8, 1892, p. 446, with this wording: “I pledge allegiance to my Flag and the Republic for which it stands: one Nation indivisible, with Liberty and Justice for all.”

No single author was named; the program bore the names of the executive committee, including the chairman, Francis Bellamy. A story in The Youth’s Companion, December 20, 1917, p. 722, credits the authorship of the pledge to James B. Upham with the assistance of the 1892 committee, but in 1939 a scholarly committee of the United States Flag Association studied the question of authorship and “decided that to Francis Bellamy unquestionably belongs the honor and distinction of being the author of the original Pledge to the Flag.”—Margarette S. Miller, I Pledge Allegiance, pp. 162–69 (1946). Also Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag, p. 4 (1955). House Doc. 84–225.

The wording of the 1892 pledge was originally the twenty-two words above, but the word “to” preceding “the Republic” was added immediately after the first celebration. The First National Flag Conference, 1923, altered the wording from “my Flag” to “the Flag of the United States,” and the following year the Second National Flag Conference added “of America” to that phrase.—Miller, op. cit., pp. 156–58.

Public Law 79–287, December 28, 1945, made this officially the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag. Public Law 83–396, signed on Flag Day, June 14, 1954, added the phrase “under God.”

Answer 2

President Eisenhower

Answer 3

the banking crisis obviously ,, if Flash Gordon hadn't eliminated housing from the index utilized by financial institution to set the financial institution curiosity fee .we shouldn't have had low-priced cash after which no increase and thus no bust . the identical blunders that the EU made while . That could were Commie fairy queen Mandelson who nonetheless works the strings on Brown now. All the opposite features are unhealthy however now not as unhealthy . We could nonetheless have had disorders from the credit score /debit swaps that our banks and coverage men and women permit themselves be conned into. But nowhere close as unhealthy for householders .

Answer 4

it was eisenhowers idea to tack it on