我想知道關於長度 時間 質量的由來(定義)

Question

如題~越詳細越佳(最好是有外國版的)

如英國.法國.埃及.....等等

Answer 1

長度 的由來(定義) :
The metre was originally defined by a prototype object meant to represent 1⁄10 000 000 the distance between the poles and the Equator. Today, it is defined as 1⁄299 792 458 of a light-second.
(太長了貼不下請看參考資料)

時間 的由來(定義) :
The official SI definition of the second is as follows:
The second is the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom at a temperature of 0 Kelvin.

Previous to 1967, the second was defined as:
the fraction 1/31,556,925.9747 of the tropical year for 1900 January 0 at 12 hours ephemeris time.


質量的由來(定義) :
Early definitions :
On 7 April 1795, the gram was decreed in France to be equal to “the absolute weight of a volume of pure water equal to a cube of one hundredth of a meter, and to the temperature of the melting ice.”

International Prototype Kilogram :
often referred to in the professional metrology world as the “IPK”. The IPK comprises an alloy of 90% platinum and 10% iridium (by weight) and is machined into a right-circular cylinder (height = diameter) of 39.17 mm to minimize its surface area.

參考資料：
最好是有外國版的 ?
英文版的 : (有些英文版內有連結法國文、埃及文、中文、、、、)

長度 :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Length
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_System_of_Units

時間 :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second

質量 :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilogram

Answer 2

推薦你依本書「萬物的尺度」
http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010305728

理面有詳細講公尺的由來