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水合果度個過程最好詳細dd,我最想知的係果度plc -3-~

2007-09-06 09:50:09 · 2 個解答 · 發問者 VaNeSS 1 in 科學 化學

2 個解答

要由銅製備水合硫酸銅(II)晶體,首先把銅在空氣中加熱,生成黑色的氧化銅(II)固體。
2Cu(s) + O2(g) → 2CuO(s)

然後,逐少把氧化銅(II)加入一定體積的稀硫酸中,並把混合物輕微加熱,直至氧化銅(II) 不能溶為止。形成的溶液是硫酸銅(II)溶液。
CuO(s) + H2SO4(aq) → CuSO4(aq) + H2O(l)

把混合物過濾,除去過量的氧化銅(II)固體。把藍色濾液(硫酸銅(II)溶液)加熱,除去部份溶劑 (水),形成熱的濃溶液(甚至飽和溶液)。然後把溶液緩慢地冷卻,會析出水合硫酸銅(II) (CuSO4•5H2O) 的晶體。把混合物過濾,然後把殘餘物硫酸銅(II)晶體以少量冰凍乙醇沖洗,然後放在 80oC 的焗爐中焗乾。
(當水合硫酸銅(II)的晶體在水溶液中形成時,水合過程會自然進行,無需任何特別的步驟。)

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銅與稀硫酸沒有反應。
雖然銅與熱的濃硫酸會反應,形成硫酸銅(II)溶液,但因為溶液中含有濃硫酸,難以處理,所以不會採用為製備硫酸銅(II)晶體的方法。

2007-09-06 14:51:13 · answer #1 · answered by Uncle Michael 7 · 0 0

Since it is available commercially, copper sulfate is usually purchased, not prepared in the laboratory. It can be made by the action of sulfuric acid on a variety of copper(II) compounds, for example copper(II) oxide. Copper(II) sulfate decomposes before melting. The common pentahydrate form dehydrates, losing four water molecules at 110 °C and all five at 150 °C. At 650 °C, copper(II) sulfate decomposes into copper(II) oxide (CuO) and sulfur trioxide (SO3). When heated in an open flame the crystals are dehydrated and turn grayish-white

2007-09-06 11:32:54 · answer #2 · answered by Watever 1 · 0 0

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