請解釋哪一部份省略了關係代名詞?

Question

Municipal ordinances meant to segregate races were declared void.

是在meant前面省略了which嗎? 我有想過是不是were前面但是,他後面並非完整句子而且又是接著動詞 所以應該不太可能...!?

我知道were declared void是形容races, 可是在寫這種句子的時候要注意什麼地方阿? 因為一不小心就會一個句子跑出兩三個動詞 =.=

我有想過是因為這個句子是被動式的關係?所以(which is) meant to
省略掉了?
可不可以在解答時候多給個範例 謝謝~~
希望有強者可以解釋~

Answer 1

版主您好:

請先看這個簡單句說明meant的用法:
He meant to do no harm.
他並無惡意. (主動)
The book was meant to help you.
這本書的用意是要幫助你. (被動)

原句完整的寫法是:
Municipal ordinances thatwere1 meant to segregate races were2 declared void.
意圖隔離種族的政策被宣判無效.

that(也可以用which)是關係代名詞(代表ordinances), 引導形容詞子句, 修飾ordinaces. 而that本身是這個子句的主詞. 第一個were是這個子句的動詞.
全句的主詞是ordinances, 動詞是[were declared](過去式被動語態).

關係代名詞引導的形容詞子句可以簡化為分詞片語. 被動語態時把主詞及be動詞去掉, 保留過去分詞, 就成了您的句子:
Municipal ordinances meant to segregate races were declared void.

所以[were declared void]並不是形容races喔.

I bought some books written by Stephen King.
I bought some books which were written by Stephen King.

The tower built to commemorate victory looks spectacular.
The tower that was built to commemorate victory looks spectacular.