兩句英文句子分析,請能者幫之^_^

Question

1.Osofsky told us an effective way that wildlife can be protected is through improving what's called food security.
想請問:
*原句應是tell+sb+that的句型,''an effective way that wildlife can be protected''為名詞子句的主詞, ''is''為動詞, ''through improving what's called food security"為主詞補語.


2. They'll benefit from tourism revenues because wildlife populations are rebounding now that poaching has decreased.
想請問:
''that poaching has decreased''在句中做何用呢?
原句想表達的應是"因為野生動物數量增加,所以被當作食物烹煮
的機會也減少",為何不寫成
''......because wildlife populations are rebounding now and poaching has decreased.呢?

Answer 1

第一題我也看了很久... 不過你說的沒錯阿，試著拆成簡單句後應該就很好懂了吧：
Osofsky told us it.
An effective way is through improving what's called food security.
This way, wildlife can be protected.
看到這裡，整個句子在講什麼就很清楚了。第三句的 this way實為第二句中的 an effective way ，因此我們選擇名詞片語當同位語的形式來連接二三句：
An effective way (that wildlife can be protected) is through improving what's called food security.
第二句的句型架構應該也不困難，through Ving... 表"藉由/透過..."；improving的受詞則為what這個複合關係代名詞所引導的後面一整串。當然，你也可以直接拿"food security"來當improving的受詞，只要把what's called變成 so-called(adj.)，意思上不會有很大的差異！
合併完二三句後，接著把整個主要句子併起來：
Osofsky told us (that) an effective way that wildlife can be protected is through improving what's called food security.

第二個句子事實上沒有問題，也沒有必要改成你寫的那個樣子(基本上，我覺得"因為野生動物數量增加，所以被當作食物烹煮的機會也減少"的解讀有點怪怪的，邏輯上好像不太對... 照理說野生動物數量增加，就比較沒有絕種和保育的問題，應該是更會引來獵人，更容易被當作食物烹煮才對吧！)。
問題關鍵在於"now that"這個片語你不熟悉，所以在拆句子的時候拆錯了！另外，poaching在這裡也不是烹煮的意思，建議你在翻一下字典，它應該是"盜獵、偷獵"意思比較貼切！
now that 帶有"since"的感覺，既表原因，同時也含有"表達現已存在情況"的感覺，在中文裡面只有"既然"的意思比較接近它的感覺，但是還不夠貼切。如果你對"since"這個字的感覺夠熟悉的話，建議你直接用"since"來體會它會比翻成"既然"還要好理解！
舉個例子吧：
Now that yuo've finished your job, you'd better started to enjoy your life.
既然工作已完成，你最好開始享受人生！(獻給所有退休的人>" 因此，我們來看這個句子的結構：
They'll benefit ... because wildlife populations are rebounding now that/since poaching has decreased.
主要句子沒什麼大重點，我就省略了，直接從because的從屬子句開始看。事實上在這個子句裡面又是另一個表原因的句子，只不過他用了另一個片語"now that"。子句裡面的主要句子從wildlife一直到rebounding，表原因的部分則從now that一直到最後；意思是：動物數量因盜獵行為減少而回升。
再和前面的主要句子搭起來就是：
由於動物數量因盜獵行為減少而回升，他們將獲利於觀光稅收。

2007-02-16 08:16:05 補充：
竟然自己沒發現自己打錯字的@@"...
had better後面要放動詞原形
So... 應該是...
Now that you've finished your job, you'd better start to enjoy your life.
歹勢囉>"

Answer 2

I got it

Answer 3

第一句部分，that子句(到句尾)是an effective way的同位補語。
第二句的that有so that 的意思，這種用法比較少出現。