急:翻譯並解釋有關經濟的閱讀問題

Question

Imagine that two oil companies, Big Petro Inc. and Gargantuan Gas, own adjacent oil fields. Under the fields is a common pool of oil worth $12 million. Drilling a well to recover oil costs $1 million per well. If each company drills one well, each will get half of the oil and earn a $5 million profit ($6 million in revenue – $1 million in costs). Assume that having X percent of the total wells means that a company will collect X percent of the total revenue.

145.If Big Petro Inc. were to drill a second well, what would its
profit be if Gargantuan Gas did not drill a second well?
a.$4 million
b.$5 million
c.$6 million
d.$7 million

ANSWER: c.$6 million

146.If Big Petro Inc. were to drill a second well and Gargantuan
Gas also drilled a second well, what would Big Petro Inc's profit
be?
a.$4 million
b.$5 million
c.$6 million
d.$7 million

ANSWER: a.$4 million


147.Gargantuan Gas’s dominant strategy would lead to what sort
of well drilling behavior?
a.Gargantuan Gas will never drill a second well.
b.Gargantuan Gas will always drill a second well.
c.Gargantuan Gas will drill a second well only if
Big Petro Inc. drills a well.
d.Gargantuan Gas will drill a second well only if Big
Petro Inc. does not drill a well.

ANSWER: b.Gargantuan Gas will always drill a second well.

我想請人幫我翻譯一下(請不要利用電腦翻譯之後貼上來)
並解釋一下題目想球的是什麼東西?

153.The “arms race” is similar to which of the following economic scenarios?
a.the welfare choice
b.cost allocation theory
c.the competitive game
d.the prisoners’ dilemma
ANSWER: d.the prisoners’ dilemma

還有這一題.....

Answer 1

　假設有兩家石油公司，Big Petro 和 Gargantuan Gas。兩家的油田緊鄰著彼此，地底下共用一個價值一千兩百萬美金的油池。每鑽一口油井需耗資一百萬美金，如果兩家公司各挖一口井，則可以平分地底的油池得到五百萬美金的利潤 (六百萬元收入 - 一百萬元成本)。假定擁有百分之 X 的總油井代表該公司的獲利能佔總額的百分之 X。
145. 如果 Big Petro 公司鑽了第二口井，而 Gargantuan Gas 沒有，Big Petro 的獲利為多少?
a. 四百萬美金
b. 五百萬美金
c. 六百萬美金
d. 七百萬美金
解答: c. 六百萬美金
146. 如果 Big Petro 與 Gargantuan 都鑽了第二口井，Big Petro 公司的獲利多少?
a. 四百萬美金
b. 五百萬美金
c. 六百萬美金
d. 七百萬美金
解答: a. 四百萬美金
147. Gargantuan Gas 的優勢策略會採用何種鑽井行為?
a. 絕對不會鑽第二口井
b. 肯定會鑽第二口井
c. 只有當 Big Petro 鑽第二口井的情況下才會鑽第二口井
d. 只有當 Big Petro 不鑽第二口井的情況下才會鑽第二口井
解答: b. 肯定會鑽第二口井
153. 這兩家公司的競爭行為類似下列哪一種經濟情況?
a. 福利的選擇
b. 成本分攤理論
c. 競爭的賽局
d. 囚犯的兩難
解答: 囚犯的兩難