what is the rate of hydrolyzed ?

Question

what is the rate of hydrolyzed ?
why a tertiary carbocation 的rate of hydrolyzed快過 secondary carbocation?

Answer 1

What is the rate of hydrolyzed ?

If you are asking about the meaning of the term, the question should be 「What is meant by『the rate of hydrolysis of a certain substance』 ?」
『Hydrolysis』 is the chemical reaction of a substance with water. 『Rate 』means the decrease in concentration of the substance against time (or the increase in concentration of a certain product of hydrolysis against time).

If you are asking about the value of the rate of hydrolysis of a certain substance, more information must be required.

=====

why a tertiary carbocation 的rate of hydrolyzed快過 secondary carbocation?
The question should be 「Why the hydrolysis with a tertiary (3o) carbocation intermediate is faster than that with a secondary (2o) carbocation ?」

In SN1 hydrolysis, a carbocation intermediate is formed.

A 3o carbocation is joined to 3 alkyl groups (hydrocarbon chains), while a 2o carbocation is joined to 2 alkyl groups.

The alkyl groups are electron-releasing groups which can release electron to the carbocation and thus make the positive charge on the carbocation dispersed. This makes the carbocation more stable, and this effect is known as inductive effect.

A 3o carbocation is thus more stable than a 2o carbocation. This is because the former is stabilized by 3 alkyl groups, while the latter is by 2.

The reaction rate would be faster if the carbocation intermediate is more stable.