1.y'''-2y''-4y'+8y=e^(-3x)+8x^2
2.y'''+3y''-5y'-39y=30cosx
3.y''''+0.5y''+0.0625y=e^(-x)cos0.5x
2006-11-23 15:40:48 · 1 個解答 · 發問者 Anonymous in 教育與參考 ➔ 考試
1. y''' - 2y'' - 4y' + 8y = e - 3x + 8x2sol: 特徵方程式:r3 - 2r2 - 4r + 8 = 0 → ( r + 2 )( r - 2 )( r - 2 ) = 0 → r = - 2 , 2 , 2 ~ 一個實根與兩個重根 → yh = c1e - 2x + ( c2 + c3x )e2x ~ 齊次解 利用未定係數法求特解 yp。 令 yp = Ae - 3x + Bx2 + Cx + D → yp' = - 3Ae - 3x + 2Bx + C yp'' = 9Ae - 3x + 2B yp''' = - 27Ae - 3x yp''' - 2yp'' - 4yp' + 8yp = e - 3x + 8x2 → - 25Ae - 3x + 8Bx2 - 8Bx + 8Cx - 4B - 4C + 8D = e - 3x + 8x2 比較係數得:- 25A = 1 → A = ( 1/25 ) 8B = 8 → B = 1 - 8B + 8C = 0 → C = 1 - 4B - 4C + 8D = 0 → D = 1 → yp = ( e - 3x/25 ) + x2 + x + 1 ~ 特解 y = c1e - 2x + ( c2 + c3x )e2x + ( e - 3x/25 ) + x2 + x + 1 #*2. y''' + 3y'' - 5y' - 39y = 30 cos xsol: 特徵方程式:r3 + 3r2 - 5r - 39 = 0 → ( r - 3 )( r2 + 6r + 13 ) = 0 → r = 3 , - 3 ± 2 i ~ 一個實根與兩共軛複根 → yh = c1e3x + e - 3x ( c2 cos 2x + c3 sin 2x ) ~ 齊次解 利用未定係數法求特解 yp。 令 yp = A cos 3x + B sin 3x → yp' = - 3A sin 3x + 3B cos 3x yp'' = - 9A cos 3x - 9B sin 3x yp''' = 27A sin 3x - 27B cos 3x yp''' + 3yp'' - 5yp' - 39yp = 30 cos x → ( - 66A - 42B ) cos 3x + ( 42A - 66B ) sin 3x = 30 cos x 比較係數得:- 66A - 42B = 30 → A = - ( 11/34 ) 42A - 66B = 0 B = - ( 7/34 ) → yp = - ( 11/34 ) cos 3x - ( 7/34 ) sin 3x ~ 特解 y = c1e3x + e - 3x ( c2 cos 2x + c3 sin 2x ) - ( 11/34 ) cos 3x - ( 7/34 ) sin 3x #*3. y'''' + 0.5y'' + 0.0625y = e - x cos 0.5xsol: 特徵方程式:r4 + 0.5r2 + 0.0625 = 0 → ( r2 + 0.25 )( r2 + 0.25 ) = 0 → r = ± 0.5 i , ± 0.5 i ~ 兩重共軛複根 → yh = c1 cos 0.5x + c2 sin 0.5x + x ( c3 cos 0.5x + c4 sin 0.5x ) ~ 齊次解 利用未定係數法求特解 yp。 令 yp = e - x ( A cos 0.5x + B sin 0.5x ) → yp' = - e - x ( A cos 0.5x + B sin 0.5x ) + e - x ( - 0.5A sin 0.5x + 0.5B cos 0.5x ) yp'' = e - x ( 0.75 cos 0.5x + 0.75B sin 0.5x ) - e - x ( - A sin 0.5x + B cos 0.5x ) yp''' = - e - x ( 0.25 cos 0.5x + 0.25B sin 0.5x ) + e - x ( - 1.375 sin 0.5x + 1.375B cos 0.5x ) yp'''' = e - x ( - 0.4375 cos 0.5x - 0.4375B sin 0.5x ) - e - x ( - 1.5A sin 0.5x + 1.5B cos 0.5x ) yp'''' + 0.5yp'' + 0.0625yp = e - x cos 0.5x → - e - x ( - 2A sin 0.5x + 2B cos 0.5x ) = e - x cos 0.5x 比較係數得:2A = 0 → A = 0 - 2B = 1 → B = - 0.5 → yp = - 0.5e - x sin 0.5x ~ 特解 y = c1 cos 0.5x + c2 sin 0.5x + x ( c3 cos 0.5x + c4 sin 0.5x ) - 0.5e - x sin 0.5x #
2006-11-24 12:08:32 補充:
還是超過兩千字,所以我把英文名詞刪掉了,請見諒。
2006-11-24 07:06:59 · answer #1 · answered by 龍昊 7 · 0⤊ 0⤋