I'd never ~~~請問i'd的文法

Question

I'd never have believed at the start of the year that I would make it this far.
這邊的是I'd是would還是had?我被搞糊塗了.......還有這裡一定要用完成式嗎?可以把文法解釋的詳細點,請不要用太簡單的方式回答,多謝^^

Answer 1

這是關於假設語氣的問題:
我真不敢相信...
(但是說話者其實是相信的.)

首先說明:
假設語氣的基本原則:
1. 講事實: 用現在式+現在式
If you do something bad, they put you in jail.
2. 講條件: 用現在式+未來式
If it rains, we will stay at home.
3. 講現在或未來不存在的狀況: 用過去式+過去式
If I were you, I would drive more carefully in the rain.
對於永遠都不存在的狀況, 也可以用 were to V
If money were to grow on trees, all of us would be rich.
(=If money grew on trees, all of us would be rich.)
4. 講過去不存在的狀況: 用過去完成式+過去完成式
If I had had the money, I would have bought this Audi.
5. 混合型態: if子句與主要子句之時間不同

或許您會問: 原句中沒有if, 怎麼是假設語氣呢?
在某些狀況下, 可能是if子句所須表達的意思已經很清楚, 或者是有其他原因, if子句會被省略:
You could have been killed.
(If I hadn't showed up.)
(If the driver hadn't seen you.)
(If you hadn't given them the money.)

所以原句的文法有兩個重點:
1. 假設語氣, 講過去不存在的狀況: 在講這句話時, 所談的事已經發生過了. 所以用(過去完成式+過去完成式).
2. 省略if子句: 所以您只看到主要子句(I'd never have believed...)的過去完成式.

這樣看或許更清楚:
原句的(at the start of the year that I would make it this far)=it
所以:
I'd never have believed it.
(If I had not seen with my own eyes.)
(If you had not told me.)
...自己想像吧!

所以, "一定要用完成式".
至於 'd到底是could, should, 還是would, 並不重要. 只是表達的意思不同罷了.

Answer 2

I'd 可以是 I had, I would, I should或 I could 的縮略。
在這裡因為後面跟have (不是had)，所以不是I had
而因為是指過去發生的事，所以較有可能是I should
但是語意上應該是指 I could
實際取捨，就要看前後文脈

所以應該這麼譯：
I'd never have believed at the start of the year that I would make it this far.
年初我無法相信我會把它弄到這個地步。(I'd = I could)
年初我不該相信我會把它弄到這個地步。(I'd = I should)
年初我並不相信我會把它弄到這個地步。(I'd = I would)

Answer 3

首先，這裡的I'd是I would的縮寫。不是I have, 因為 (1)句中已經有一個have了。(2)依照句子的意思, 因為要表達的是過去的事情,所以一定是would。

再來，因為表的是過去的事，而且是所謂"應做到而未做到"或者"應發生而未發生"的態度，所以是要用Would have + P.P。　以下用一些例句來說明～

I would have brought it with me if I knew you would come.
早知道你會來我就把那個東西帶來了。

We should have walked. 我們其實可以用走的。
（像這樣的句子都是在說其實可以怎樣怎樣做，但當下並沒有這樣做）

所以 Would have/ Could have/ Should have 有早知道blah blah blah...的意思。

2006-10-21 19:21:24 補充：
通常用woulda/ coulda/ shoulda (口語發音)的時候，多少都帶有點後悔的意味在！

Answer 4

有翻譯嘛?這樣才知道要用什麼文法耶...